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Clarkson's method is primarily utilized for the calculation of dose distributions within irregularly shaped fields, particularly in radiation therapy. Unlike regular fields, which can generally be analyzed using more straightforward techniques like the appropriate application of standard dosimetry protocols, irregular fields present challenges due to their uneven contours and varying tissue densities.

This method employs the concept of superposition, allowing for a more accurate estimation of the dose by considering contributions from different segments of the irregularly shaped treatment field. It helps in accounting for the varying distance to the target and the presence of different materials that can scatter or absorb radiation, leading to a more precise understanding of how radiation is deposited in the tumor volume and surrounding healthy tissue.

In the context of the other options, while calculating doses for regular fields, determining patient positioning, and calculating radiation protection needs are all critical components of radiation therapy and dosimetry, they do not specifically relate to the unique capabilities and focus of Clarkson's method on handling complex geometries and irregular field shapes. This distinction reinforces why Clarkson's method is specifically aimed at addressing the complexities associated with irregular fields in radiation treatment planning.